The Techno-Optimist Manifesto is a 5,200-word essay written by venture capitalist and billionaire Marc Andreessen in 2023. The manifesto lists what techno-optimists believe about the world around them, including that technology is the solution to environmental degradation and that artificial intelligence will create abundance that lifts all humans. Andreessen argues that technology is the key driver of human wealth and happiness and that it is time to be Techno-Optimists. The manifesto is wide-ranging, discussing the energy sector, chatbots, and the very meaning of life. It has been both praised and criticized for its views on technology and its potential impact on society.
We believe there is no inherent conflict between the techno-capital machine and the natural environment. Per-capita US carbon emissions are lower now than they were 100 years ago, even without nuclear power. We believe technology is the solution to environmental degradation and crisis. A technologically advanced society improves the natural environment, a technologically stagnant society ruins it. If you want to see environmental devastation, visit a former Communist country. The socialist USSR was far worse for the natural environment than the capitalist US. Google the Aral Sea. We believe a technologically stagnant society has limited energy at the cost of environmental ruin; a technologically advanced society has unlimited clean energy for everyone.
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Abundance We believe we should place intelligence and energy in a positive feedback loop, and drive them both to infinity. We believe we should use the feedback loop of intelligence and energy to make everything we want and need abundant. We believe the measure of abundance is falling prices. Every time a price falls, the universe of people who buy it get a raise in buying power, which is the same as a raise in income. If a lot of goods and services drop in price, the result is an upward explosion of buying power, real income, and quality of life. We believe that if we make both intelligence and energy too cheap to meter, the ultimate result will be that all physical goods become as cheap as pencils. Pencils are actually quite technologically complex and difficult to manufacture, and yet nobody gets mad if you borrow a pencil and fail to return it. We should make the same true of all physical goods.
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We believe we should push to drop prices across the economy through the application of technology until as many prices are effectively zero as possible, driving income levels and quality of life into the stratosphere. We believe Andy Warhol was right when he said, Whats great about this country is America started the tradition where the richest consumers buy essentially the same things as the poorest. You can be watching TV and see Coca-Cola, and you can know that the President drinks Coke, Liz Taylor drinks Coke, and just think, you can drink Coke, too. A Coke is a Coke and no amount of money can get you a better Coke than the one the bum on the corner is drinking. All the Cokes are the same and all the Cokes are good. Same for the browser, the smartphone, the chatbot.
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We believe that technology ultimately drives the world to what Buckminster Fuller called ephemeralization what economists call dematerialization. Fuller: Technology lets you do more and more with less and less until eventually you can do everything with nothing. We believe technological progress therefore leads to material abundance for everyone. We believe the ultimate payoff from technological abundance can be a massive expansion in what Julian Simon called the ultimate resource people. We believe, as Simon did, that people are the ultimate resource with more people come more creativity, more new ideas, and more technological progress. We believe material abundance therefore ultimately means more people a lot more people which in turn leads to more abundance. We believe our planet is dramatically underpopulated, compared to the population we could have with abundant intelligence, energy, and material goods.
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