Purpose The primary objective of the study is to illustrate the building and developing an ontology for the heroes of the ancient Greek Mythology and religion. At present, a number of ontologies exist in different domains. However, ontologies of epics and myths are comparatively very few. To be more specific, nobody has developed such an ontology for Greek Mythology. The paper describes the attempts at developing an ontology for Greek mythology to fill this gap. Design/methodology/approach The paper follows a combination of different methodologies which is assumed to be a more effective way of developing an ontology for mythology. It has adopted motivating scenario concept from Gruninger and Fox, developing cycle from METHONTOLOGY, and the Analytico- synthetic approach from YAMO methodology and hence, it’s a combination of three existing approaches. Findings A merged methodology has been adopted for this research paper. The developed ontology was evaluated and made sure that it meets with the information need of its users. Based on the study it is found that the Greek Mythology Ontology could answer 62 percentages of the questions after first evaluation, i.e.76 out of the 123 questions. The unanswered questions were analyzed in detail for the further development of the ontology. The missing concepts were fed into the ontology and the ontology obtained after this stage was an exhaustive one. Practical implications This ontology will grow with time and this can be used in semantic applications or e-learning modules related to Greek Mythology domain. Originality/value This work is the first attempt to build an ontology for Greek Mythology. The approach is unique and novel in a way that it has attempted to trace out the individual characteristics as well as the relationship between the characters described in the work.C, Syamili & Rv, Rekha. (2017). Developing an ontology for Greek mythology. The Electronic Library. 36. 00-00. 10.1108/EL-02-2017-0030.
Q4. Who is the Greek Goddess of War? All the competency questions should be kept in mind while developing the ontology, and the ontology should be capable of answering all the questions after the development process. Step 2: consider using existing ontologies It is very important to consider existing ontologies in the same domain before beginning the task. It helps in many ways. First of all, it gives insight to the developer about what has been done and what may be the limitations with existing ontologies. Developers can also import existing ontologies in electronic form into one ontology development platform and develop them further. It assures interoperability. An intensive literature search was conducted to nd ctional ontologies in various ontology libraries. The libraries searched are enlisted in Table I. It was found that only a few ontologies exist for classics and especially for mythologies. Mahabharata ontology is one among them. Mahabharata ontology was developed by a
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Downloaded by Pondicherry University At 00:18 15 March 2018 (PT) Ontology for Greek mythology research team in IIT ( 2015) in Madras, and it is the only one of this genre. Step 3: knowledge acquisition The knowledge acquisition process includes collecting knowledge of the selected domain from various sources, including books, articles, people and journals; it can be any source that includes data about the selected domain. During this process, the developer identied a wide range of sources that discuss Greek mythology in many different languages. It includes books, journals, novels, historical studies and blogs, as well as wikis. The next challenge the researcher faced during the building process is regarding the differences in readings and opinions about characters in mythology. Some depend on the author and aspects stories have differences in their relationships. 123
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It is natural too. One can identify the same kind of confusion in classics, such as Ramayana and the Mahabharata. This happens because mythologies include a large number of characters so that tracing the relationships between the characters is not an easy task. Figure 2 shows the family chart of Greek mythology and religion. For the process of knowledge acquisition, the following resources are taken as source: A number of controversies exist (cid:1) 1000 Mythological Characters Briey Described (Ellis, 1989); (cid:1) An Introduction to Mythology (Spence, 2010); (cid:1) The Penguin Book of Classical Myths (March, 2009); (cid:1) www.theoi.com (Theoi Project, 2016); and (cid:1) Wikipedia (2017a, 2017b).
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Step 4: build a glossary of terms After identifying the structure of the domain, the developer split the concept into terms. This includes mythological characters, other names, beliefs, concepts and development of the story. It covers everything irrespective of their hierarchical structure. Step 5: dene the classes and the class hierarchy Analysis of collected terms in the acquisition stage is the next step. The terms or ideas are connected using logical order. Similar terms are placed together. In this ontology, Greek mythological characters are broadly classied into mortals and immortals. These mortals Ontology library URL Swoogle TONES ontology repository Protege ontology library LOV Ontolingua ontology library DAML ontology library UNSPSC RosettaNet
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