36 6 Structural steel (cid:134) Structural steel grades in the US (but not limited to) (cid:132) ASTM A36be careful, this one is being replaced by ASTM A992. Thus, info in M&Z needs a little updating. (cid:132) ASTM A529 (cid:132) ASTM A572 (cid:132) ASTM A242 (cid:132) ASTM A588 (cid:132) ASTM A514 (cid:132) Refer to additional details in Table 3.2, M&Z. (cid:132) Be carefulshould always obtain information on locally available grades and changing grades. (cid:134) ASTM A992 (cid:134) ASTM A852 Structural steel specifications (cid:134) Bridges (cid:132) American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO)

(cid:132) For example, WSDOT Standard Specifications refer to AASHTO M 270. What is this? (cid:134) Carbon and High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel Shapes, Plates, and Bars and Quenched and Tempered Alloy Structural Steel Plates for Bridges Structural steel (cid:134) Structural steel shapes (cid:132) W: Wide-flange (cid:132) HP: Wide-flange (cid:132) M: Wide-flange (cid:132) S: I-beam (cid:132) C: Channel (cid:132) MC: Channel (cid:132) L: Angle (cid:132) Refer to Fig 3.5, M&Z. (cid:132) Refer to ASTM A6 Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Steel Plates, Shapes, Sheet Piling, and Bars for Structural Use. 37 39 41 Structural steel specifications (cid:134) City of San Diegorefer to pdf on class web site. (cid:134) WSDOT Standard SpecificationsDivision 6 Structures. Go to Section 6-03 Steel Structures, page 6-108. URL is (cid:132) Structural steel specifications

(cid:134) Bridges (cid:132) AASHTO M 270 continued (cid:134) This specification covers carbon and highstrength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars and quenched and tempered alloy steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges. Six grades are available in four yield strength levels. Structural steel question (cid:134) Is it always better to specify shapes with the highest possible strength? 38 40 42 7 Reinforcing steel (cid:134) PCC has little tensile strength, thus structural PCC members subjected to tensile and flexural stresses must be reinforced. (cid:134) Can be produced in four grades: 40, 50, 60, and 75 ksi. (cid:134) Refer to Table 3.3, M&Z. Reinforcing steel sizes Bar diameter (in.) US Customary (1/8s of an inch) Metric (diameter, mm) 0.375 #3 #10 0.500 #4 #13 0.625 #5 #16 0.750 #6 #19 0.875 #7 #22 1.000 #8 #25 1.128 #9 #29 1.270 #10 #32 1.410 #11 #36 1.690 #14 #43 2.260 #18 #57

Tension test (cid:134) Refer to ASTM E8 Standard Test Method for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials (also AASHTO T 68) (cid:134) Determine (refer to Figs 3.93.10, M&Z) (cid:132) Yield strength (cid:132) Yield point elongation (cid:132) Tensile strength (cid:132) Elongation (cid:132) Reduction of area (cid:134) Testing done at room temperature 43 47 Reinforcing steel specifications (cid:134) WSDOT Standard Specifications, Section 9-07.2 Deformed Steel Bars Deformed steel bars for concrete reinforcement shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 31, Grade 60 or ASTM A706. (cid:134) AASHTO M 31 Deformed and Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement. This specification is the same as ASTM A615. (cid:134) ASTM A706: Low-Alloy Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcement (cid:134) Billet-steel simply refers to a type of section (or block) of steel prior to rolling into a final shape or product.