Sarah Zaidan, Syamsudin Abdillah, Nur Arfian, Wawaimuli ArozalABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to obtain natural drugs from brown seaweed (Sargassum crassifolium) as antiatherosclerosis candidates through the study of hypolipidemic mechanisms of action. Modeling of dyslipidemia rats was carried out by feeding high-fat (HFF) and doses of crude fucoidan 100. 200. 400mg / KgBB. in both treatments measured blood lipid profile levels taken from the orbital sinuses. HE's histopathology. mRNA expression. immunohistochemistry (IHC) with parameters VCAM-1. ICAM-1. and MCP-1 were performed on adipose tissue. as well as liver. Total cholesterol values 51.07-225.2. triglycerides 30.43-115.73. HDL 13.1-24.86 mg/dl and LDL 20.22-189.68 mg/dl. In the treatment of crude fucoidan obtained the result of p value < α (0.05. Histopathological features of adipose tissue after administration of HFF for 60 days resulted in an increase in adipose cell size. and the liver experienced structural damage and inflammation. but after 21 days of treatment the morphological picture of adipose tissue was similar to normal morphology and the liver also decreased in severity and inflammation. The results of histochemical staining after treatment showed a positive staining part on MCP-1. The result of p value < α (0.05) of mRNA expression for administration of 3 treatment doses. A dyslipidemic mouse model with HFF administration for 60 days succeeded in becoming a dyslipidemic rat. and crude fucoidan had hypolipidemic activity. Doses of 100. 200. and 400 mg/KgBB crude fucoidan showed improvement in adipose and liver morphological features of severity and inflammation of dyslipidemic rats and decreased mRNA expression.
LDL levels LDL levels were measured after crude fucoidan treatment for 21 days in dyslipidemia model mice. Tabel 5. 11. LDL levels after Crude Fucoidan treatment for 21 days Group 0 14 Days to 28 45 60 81 % 060 Result % 6081 Result Control 9.94 12.65 14.77 14.93 13.5 14 26.37 Increased 3.60 Increased Simvastatin 10.28 60.13 79 96.81 159.21 15.62 93.54 Increased 90.20 Decreased HFD 14.05 71.5 87.91 112.1 121.6 127.2 88.45 Increased 3.40 Increased Dosage 1 20.86 79.2 89.26 127.5 171.65 35.65 87.85 Increased 78.65 Decreased Dosage 2 12.37 65.04 83.38 121.3 155.38 26 92.04 Increased 83.27 Decreased Dosage 3 11.41 75.13 87.93 127.1 189.68 18.4 93.98 Increased 90.3 Decreased l d / g m 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 PTL Simvastati n H0 H45 H60 H81
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Fig 3. LDL levels after administration Crude Fucoidan for 21 days. Based on the results above. data were obtained on a decrease in LDL levels in the positive group by 90.20% (table IV.12). The dose group also experienced a decrease in LDL levels by 65.34% at 100mg/KgBB. 44.39% at 200mg/KgBB and 59.07% at 400mg/KgBB. Analysis of data obtained from the normality test. namely normal distributed data. then continued with the homogeneity test obtained results. namely homogeneous distributed data. Furthermore. a one-way ANOIVA test obtained p < results (0.05) which means there is a significant difference then a post hoc BNT / LSD test was carried out which means there was a significant difference in the dose group with the negative group and the positive group obtained a significant difference in the dose group of 100. 200. and 400 mg / KgBB. White rats are used because they have beneficial properties. namely rapid breeding. have
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are easy to maintain in large quantities and are easily adapted in a laboratory environment. and most importantly in this study required a considerable blood volume sample of 1-2 mL. which was used for measurement of lipid profile parameters in dyslipidemic animal model mice. Increased total cholesterol levels can be caused by the intake of high-fat diet foods Egg yolks and goat oil become sources of animal cholesterol and fat that can increase cholesterol levels because they are high in cholesterol and saturated fatty acids. The yolk has the highest fat content, Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels are quite high because every consumption of saturated fat as much as 1% of total energy a day is thought to increase cholesterol levels to 2.7 mg/dL (68). Based on the results mentioned above. it was seen that there was an increase in total cholesterol. triglycerides. LDL and a decrease in HDL seen in the measurement of lipid profile
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namely the presence of cholesterol obtained from quail eggs because quail eggs have higher cholesterol levels (844 mg/dl) compared to chicken egg cholesterol levels (423 mg/dl) so that they can improve lipid profile levels better compared to using chicken eggs. Animal fat is a saturated fatty acid so it triggers an increase in total and LDL cholesterol levels if consumed continuously (69). Giving therapy such as simvastatin can reduce total cholesterol so that there are differences between positive groups and other groups. The dose group was also given crude fucoidan therapy of brown seaweed with different doses. namely doses of 100. 200 and 400 mg / KgBB. Giving crude fucoidan brown seaweed can reduce total cholesterol due to the content of Fucoidan. fucosanthin and alginate. Cholesterol levels can decrease due to LCAT (Lecithin Cholesterol
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