This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on loss in decision-making, laziness, and privacy concerns among university students in Pakistan and China. Like other sectors, education also adopts AI technologies to address modern-day challenges. AI investment will grow to USD 253.82 million from 2021 to 2025. However, worryingly, researchers and institutions across the globe are praising the positive role of AI but ignoring its concerns. This study is based on qualitative methodology using PLS-Smart for the data analysis. Primary data was collected from 285 students from different universities in Pakistan and China. The purposive Sampling technique was used to draw the sample from the population. The data analysis findings show that AI significantly impacts the loss of human decision-making and makes humans lazy. It also impacts security and privacy. The findings show that 68.9% of laziness in humans, 68.6% in personal privacy and security issues, and 27.7% in the loss of decision-making are due to the impact of artificial intelligence in Pakistani and Chinese society. From this, it was observed that human laziness is the most affected area due to AI. However, this study argues that significant preventive measures are necessary before implementing AI technology in education. Accepting AI without addressing the major human concerns would be like summoning the devils. Concentrating on justified designing and deploying and using AI for education is recommended to address the issue.
Discussion. AI is becoming an increasingly important element of our lives, with its impact felt in various aspects of our daily life. Like any other technological advancement, there are both benets HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS | (2023)10:311 | 7 ARTICLE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS | Fig. 2 Results model for the Impact of articial intelligence on human loss in decision-making, laziness, and safety in education.
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This study examined the association of AI with human loss in decision-making, laziness and safety and privacy concerns. The results given Tables 11 and 12 show that AI has a signicant positive relationship with all these variables. The ndings of this study also support that the use of AI technologies is creating problems for users related to security and privacy. Previous research has also shown similar results (Bartoletti, 2019; Saura et al., 2022; Bartneck et al., 2021). Using AI technology in an educational organization also leads to security and privacy issues for students, teachers, and institutions. In todays information age, security and privacy are critical concerns of AI technology use in educational organizations (Kamenskih, 2022). Skills specic to using AI technology are required for its effective use. Insufcient knowledge about the use will lead to security and privacy issues (Vazhayil and Shetty, 2019). Mostly, educational rms do not have AI technology ex
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Even if its users have sound skills and the rms have experienced AI managers, no one can deny that any security or privacy control could be broken by mistake and could lead to serious security and privacy problems. Moreover, the fact that people with different levels of skills and competence interact in educational organizations also leads to the hacking or leaking of personal and institutional data (Kamenskih, 2022). AI is based on algorithms and uses large data sets to automate instruction (Araujo et al., 2020). Any mistake in the algorithms will create serious problems, and unlike humans, it will repeat the same mistake in making its own decisions. It also increases the threat to institutional and student data security and privacy. The same challenge is coming from the student end. They can be easily victimized as they are not excellently trained to use AI (Asaro, 2019). With
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The consequences depend upon the nature of the attack and the data been leaked or used by the attackers (Vassileva, 2008).
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