Located at 1210 meters, USA-UTAH Bingham Canyon Copper Mine. There is Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world, at 1642 meters. At 2000 meters is the Veryovkina Cave, located in Georgia. It is the largest cave identified. It is the deepest dinosaur fossil ever discovered at 2256 meters. There is the world's deepest laboratory at 2400 meters, located in Japan. Dark matter is being investigated. The deepest atomic bomb was detonated at 2500 meters. The aim was to accelerate oil production. The deepest multi-celled creature ever discovered, called the devil worm, lives at 3600 metres. There are the deepest known hydrothermal vents at 4968 meters. Temperatures in these vents can reach up to 401 degrees. However, the temperature in the surrounding area drops at a rapid pace, providing minerals that create a habitable environment. 10994 meters is the deepest area of the Mariana Trench. 12345 meters is the oil well opened by Exxon company for the purpose of extracting oil.

12262 meters, Kola hole, opened by the Soviet Union. When you go down 70-80 km, the asthenosphere layer is located. Here, instead of rocks, there are plastic magma-like rocks. Because the temperature rises above 1000 degrees and the rocks melt. When you go 500-700 km down, the mantle layer is reached. The mantle is the birthplace of diamonds. The cold rock masses inside the magmas first sink to the bottom and then warm up and rise to the top in the mantle. This situation continues continuously and is called convection current. The power of this current moves the tectonic plates. and creates earthquakes. The substance that heats the mantle is the 2200 km outer core. The temperature rises above 4000 degrees. The pressure is one and a half million times the pressure on the surface. However, the inner core is at a lower level than the pressure. For this reason, iron and nickel substances can be found in liquid form.

The inner core consists entirely of iron and nickel. The temperature here is equal to the sun at 5400 degrees. However, the pressure here ensures that the iron and nickel are in a solid state. Based on the temperature, it should be liquid. Depending on this pressure, the solidification process creates very strong electric currents. The electric current also creates a magnetic field. It creates the magnetic field that protects the Earth against high-energy particles that may come from space. In other words, it is the source of life.