Created at 10pm, Jun 26
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Understanding Media and Culture: An Introduction to Mass Communication
Contract ID
WZUhcQhgFRMTvBexXWjMf4SC2W7exgWXfKSCOrzJZLI
File Type
PDF
Entry Count
2378
Embed. Model
jina_embeddings_v2_base_en
Index Type
hnsw

Chapter 1: Media and Culture1.1 Media and Culture 21.2 Intersection of American Media and Culture 51.3 The Evolution of Media 91.4 Convergence 191.5 The Role of Social Values in Communication 251.6 Cultural Periods 321.7 Mass Media and Popular Culture 371.8 Media Literacy 45Chapter 2: Media Effects2.1 Mass Media and Its Messages 542.2 Media Effects Theories 672.3 Methods of Researching Media Effects 742.4 Media Studies Controversies 80Chapter 3: Books3.1 Books 893.2 History of Books 913.3 Books and the Development of U.S. Popular Culture 1013.4 Major Book Formats 1133.5 Current Publishing Trends 1193.6 The Influence of New Technology 128Chapter 4: Newspapers4.1 Newspapers 1394.2 History of Newspapers 1424.3 Different Styles and Models of Journalism 1544.4 How Newspapers Control the Public’s Access to Information and ImpactAmerican Pop Culture1644.5 Current Popular Trends in the Newspaper Industry 1694.6 Online Journalism Redefines News 176Chapter 5: Magazines5.1 Magazines 1855.2 History of Magazine Publishing 1885.3 The Role of Magazines in the Development of American Popular Culture 1955.4 Major Publications in the Magazine Industry 2025.5 How Magazines Control the Public’s Access to Information 2115.6 Specialization of Magazines 2155.7 Influence of the Internet on the Magazine Industry 221Chapter 6: Music6.1 Music 2296.2 The Evolution of Popular Music 2316.3 The Reciprocal Nature of Music and Culture 2486.4 Current Popular Trends in the Music Industry 2606.5 Influence of New Technology 269Chapter 7: Radio7.1 Radio 2837.2 Evolution of Radio Broadcasting 2857.3 Radio Station Formats 2997.4 Radio’s Impact on Culture 3037.5 Radio’s New Future 317Chapter 8: Movies8.1 Movies 3258.2 The History of Movies 3288.3 Movies and Culture 3438.4 Issues and Trends in Film 3538.5 The Influence of New Technology 362Chapter 9: Television9.1 The Evolution of Television 3749.2 The Relationship Between Television and Culture 3859.3 Issues and Trends in the Television Industry 3989.4 Influence of New Technologies 408Chapter 10: Electronic Games and Entertainment10.1 Electronic Games and Entertainment 42110.2 The Evolution of Electronic Games 42310.3 Influential Contemporary Games 43610.4 The Impact of Video Games on Culture 44310.5 Controversial Issues 45110.6 Blurring the Boundaries Between Video Games, Information, Entertainment,and Communication458Chapter 11: The Internet and Social Media11.1 The Internet and Social Media 46911.2 The Evolution of the Internet 47111.3 Social Media and Web 2.0 48311.4 The Effects of the Internet and Globalization on Popular Culture andInterpersonal Communication49611.5 Issues and Trends 510Chapter 12: Advertising and Public Relations12.1 Advertising 52612.2 Public Relations 552Chapter 13: Economics of Mass Media13.1 Economics of Mass Media 57113.2 Characteristics of Media Industries 57313.3 The Internet’s Effects on Media Economies 58013.4 Digital Divide in a Global Economy 58513.5 Information Economy 59013.6 Globalization of Media 59713.7 Cultural Imperialism 602Chapter 14: Ethics of Mass Media14.1 Ethics of Mass Media 61114.2 Ethical Issues in Mass Media 61414.3 News Media and Ethics 62514.4 Ethical Considerations of the Online World 638Chapter 15: Media and Government15.1 Media and Government 65115.2 Government Regulation of Media 65415.3 The Law and Mass Media Messages 66215.4 Censorship and Freedom of Speech 66815.5 Ownership Issues in the Mass Media 67715.6 Digital Democracy and Its Possible Effects 68315.7 Media Influence on Laws and Government 690Chapter 16: The Future of Mass Media16.1 Changes in Media Over the Last Century 70016.2 Information Delivery Methods 70516.3 Modern Media Delivery: Pros and Cons 71016.4 Current Trends in Electronic Media 71516.5 Privacy Laws and the Impact of Digital Surveillance 72116.6 Mass Media, New Technology, and the Public 728

Having coexisted for several years, electronic television sets eventually began to replace mechanical systems. With better picture quality, no noise, a more compact size, and fewer visual limitations, the electronic system was far superior to its predecessor and rapidly improving. By 1939, the last mechanical television broadcasts in the United States had been replaced with electronic broadcasts.
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Early Broadcasting Early Broadcasting Television broadcasting began as early as 1928, when the Federal Radio Commission authorized inventor Charles Jenkins to broadcast from W3XK, an experimental station in the Maryland suburbs of Washington, DC. Silhouette images from motion picture films were broadcast to the general public on a regular basis, at a resolution of just 48 lines. Similar experimental stations ran broadcasts throughout the early 1930s. In 1939, RCA subsidiary NBC (National Broadcasting Company) became the first network to introduce regular television broadcasts, transmitting its inaugural telecast of the opening ceremonies at the New York Worlds Fair. The stations initial broadcasts transmitted to just 400 television sets in the New York area, with an audience of 5,000 to 8,000 people (Lohr, 1940).
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Television was initially available only to the privileged few, with sets ranging from $200 to $600a hefty sum in the 1930s, when the average annual salary was $1,368 (KC Library). RCA offered four types of television receivers, which were sold in high-end department stores such as Macys and Bloomingdales, and received channels 1 through 5. Early receivers were a fraction of the size of modern TV sets, featuring 5-, 9-, or 12-inch screens. Television sales prior to World War II were disappointingan uncertain economic climate, the threat of war, the high cost of a television receiver, and the limited number of programs on offer deterred numerous prospective buyers. Many unsold television sets were put into storage and sold after the war.
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NBC was not the only commercial network to emerge in the 1930s. RCA radio rival CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) also began broadcasting regular programs. So that viewers would not need a separate television set for each individual network, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) outlined a single technical standard. In 1941, the panel recommended a 525-line system and an image rate of 30 frames per second. It also recommended that all U.S. television sets operate using analog signals (broadcast signals made of varying radio waves). Analog signals were replaced by digital signals (signals transmitted as binary code) in 2009. With the outbreak of World War II, many companies, including RCA and General Electric, turned their attention to military production. Instead of commercial television sets, they began to churn out military electronic equipment.
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