Created at 1pm, Mar 27
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Effects of the Lunar Cycle, Seasons and the Meteorological Factors on Peripheral Vertigo
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Xu_Bk7W3SkxrF2isaDpa5Faml-Sbq8MT39s9fDt1zKw
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31
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Mehtap Koparal1, Emine Elif Altuntaş2, Cüneyt Yılmazer1, Erman Altunışık3, Mehmet Karataş11 Department of Otolaryngology, Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, Turkey2 Department of Otolaryngology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey3 Department of Neurology, Adıyaman University Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman, TurkeyObjective: This study aimed to determine whether peripheral vertigo is related to the lunar cycle, the seasons, or meteorological factors, in patients who presented to the ear, nose, and throat clinic. Methods: All the patients, diagnosed with vertigo between January 2020 and January 2022, were identified through a retrospective review of our hospital database. The clinical and demographic data of the patients were recorded. Daily humidity (minimum, average, and maximum; %), daily temperature (minimum, average, and maximum; °C), daily average and maximum wind speed (m/min), daily air pressure (minimum and average maximum; hPa) and wind direction (degrees) values were noted. Also, the phases of the moon, i.e., first quarter, new moon, last quarter, and full moon periods were determined.Results: A total of 5,432 patients were included in the study. No statistically significant differences were noted among them with respect to the lunar cycle (p=0.233). However, patient density was found to increase in the winter months. Conclusion: This study concluded that the frequency of diseases is related to meteorological factors, nonetheless, no statistical relationship was found between the lunar cycle and the frequency of patient entries.Keywords: Vertigo, meteorological factors, lunar cycle, season, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

In the full moon phase, the Earth stands between the sun and
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Lunar cycle Full moon Third quarter New moon Total p-value* 891 859 786 3,382 26.3% 25.4% 23.2% 100.0% 64.0% 502 60.4% 564 61.8% 486 62.3% 2,050 0.233 24.5% 27.5% 23.7% 100.0% 36.0% 39.6% 38.2% 37.7% 1,393 1,423 1,272 5,432 25.6% 26.2% 23.4% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Winter Spring Summer Total p-value* 1,079 568 873 3,382 31.9% 16.8% 25.8% 100.0% 64.2% 601 57.7% 416 62.7% 519 62.3% 2,050 0.009 29.3% 20.3% 25.3% 100.0% 35.8% 42.3% 37.3% 37.7% 1,680 984 1,392 5,432 30.9% 18.1% 25.6% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 151 152 Koparal et al. Effect of Lunar Cycle on Peripheral Vertigo Table 4. Distribution of patients by year and month 2020 (n) 2021 (n) Total (n) (%) January 394 207 601 (11.06%) February 425 212 637 (11.72%) March 266 200 466 (8.57%) April 85 201 286 (5.26%) May 73 153 226 (4.16%) June 210 219 429 (7.39%) July 247 186 433 (7.97%)
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August 227 297 524 (9.64%) September 217 276 493 (9.07%) October 173 235 408 (7.51%) November 170 279 449 (8.26%) December 183 257 440 (8.10%) Figure 1. Overall correlation between the average temperature and the number of vertigo patients
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It was asserted that neurohormonal activity may be affected due to electromagnetic changes and gravitational changes in this period (17). It was shown that melatonin levels decreased due to increased light during the full moon phase. Cajochen et al. (7), reported that while a 30% decrease was detected in electroencephalogram delta waves during nonrapid-eye-movement sleep, which is an indicator of deep sleep, during full moon, there was a 5-minute increase in the time to fall asleep and total sleep time decreased by 20 minutes. The authors stated that there were a decrease in the melatonin levels measured during the full moon. In studies reporting that the lunar cycle affected the time of birth, this relationship is explained by the changes in melatonin levels related to the lunar cycle. It was shown that melatonin levels decreased due to increased light during the full moon phase (7). Melatonin levels increased during pregnancy and sharp decreases were observed after delive
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