Created at 2pm, Mar 30
ProactiveScience
0
Flipped Classrooms in the Humanities: Findings from a QuasiExperimental Study
fkLRHPgyfUVmSyL3xCgCtnaWk02fUsol6ntix6px5Xo
File Type
PDF
Entry Count
63
Embed. Model
jina_embeddings_v2_base_en
Index Type
hnsw

Does flipping the classroom really affect the way students perceive their learning environment, and if so, is this a good or bad thing? A number of previous studies have examined whether students prefer the flipped classroom over a traditional lecture class (Bergmann & Sams, 2012; Deslauriers, Schelew, & Wieman, 2011; Hamdan, McKnight, McKnight, & Artfstrom, 2013b; O'Flaherty & Phillips, 2015; Strayer, 2012), but the overwhelming majority of these studies have examined this question in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses. Very few studies conducted on this topic, especially in higher educational settings, have examined the effectiveness of the flipped classroom in humanities settings (for example, see Chapters 2-4 and Chapter 16 of Bretzmann et al. (2013), Chapter 9 of Ostashewski, Martin, and Brennan (2014), and Ebbeler (2013)). Additionally, as Abeysekera and Dawson (2014) and Hantla (2014) note, very little research overall has been conducted on the efficacy of the teaching method, despite its popularity with faculty and students (Faculty Focus, 2015; Moussa-Inaty, 2017). At its core, flipped learning is a blended learning model in which professors leverage technology to more actively engage students in the learning process than in traditional seminars and lecture-based courses (Allen, Seaman, & Garrett, 2007). The blended model has a longer history of being implemented in a wide variety of courses and in a wide variety of ways (Naismith, Sharples, Vavoula, & Lonsdale, 2004). Notably, blended learning can take place either synchronously, asynchronously, or both; but flipped learning has been most frequently executed in a synchronous manner (Hamdan, McKnight, McKnight, & Artfstrom, 2013a). The blended aspects of this teaching method have shown to increase learner engagement and deepen learning (Ebbeler, 2013; Greenfield & Hibbert, 2017), especially when instructors design their courses to include active learning techniques (ALTs) (McCredden, Reidsema, & Kavanagh, 2017).

Cooperation The sub-scale Cooperation, i.e., how students work together in the class, is one that returned responses that were entirely opposite of one another. Surprisingly, the 10 Hantla: Flipped Humanities Classrooms
id: b9204a762e92fd6475513b66aff5d628 - page: 11
The values for the preferred CUCEI (pretest) and those for the actual CUCEI (posttest) were significantly different from one another at a very high probability (p < .001); however, the valence of this difference is perhaps the most meaningful aspect of this finding. In other words, the mean difference for the control group shows a less-than-ideal classroom environment with regard to students cooperating with one another throughout the semester (mean difference = 0.719, where a positive value shows responses as being, on average, lower than their preferred CUCEI). However, the mean difference for the experimental group actually reports, on average, that the student cooperation in the class was better than their ideal responses reported in the CUCEI pretest (mean difference = -0.395, where a negative shows a higher posttest score than that of the pretest). Thus, the scores on the sub-s
id: 18d6ba307b4384155253e55f4351da7b - page: 12
Student Cohesion In the final two sub-scales of the CUCEI, Student Cohesion and Equity, the students reported their actual experiences in the class as being less-ideal than their preferred classroom environment for both measures, which is consistent with previous findings (Strayer, 2012). The within-group student responses for Student Cohesion were more similar to pretest responses in the experimental group, F(1, 237) = 6.56, p = .011, than in the control group, F(1, 195) = 47.572, p < .001. However, the withingroup differences were still significant enough to demonstrate that this area could have been improved upon. Students in flipped classes did acknowledge the fact that they got to know their classmates better through in-class activities and interactions, but there is not an indication of this from students in control courses. One student, in response to item 17 (I made friends easily in the class), succinctly summarizes this in-class experience: Given time it [making friends] ha
id: 1e2c998a860ce3324ec736a4e9ce9874 - page: 12
Although friendships are not a prerequisite for learning, some research has suggested that personal relationships within the learning environment can enhance student engagement and ultimately increase student learning (Abeysekera & Dawson, 2014; Allison, 2012; Choi & Johnson, 2005; Maslow, Frager, Fadiman, McReynolds, & Cox, 1970). The flipped classroom simply helps to more naturally facilitate personal interaction among students and between students and the instructor, which increases the likelihood of higher motivation to learn.
id: f4a81b7fb6a7dac5c3fcdd1abb669cf1 - page: 12
How to Retrieve?
# Search

curl -X POST "https://search.dria.co/hnsw/search" \
-H "x-api-key: <YOUR_API_KEY>" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"rerank": true, "top_n": 10, "contract_id": "fkLRHPgyfUVmSyL3xCgCtnaWk02fUsol6ntix6px5Xo", "query": "What is alexanDRIA library?"}'
        
# Query

curl -X POST "https://search.dria.co/hnsw/query" \
-H "x-api-key: <YOUR_API_KEY>" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-d '{"vector": [0.123, 0.5236], "top_n": 10, "contract_id": "fkLRHPgyfUVmSyL3xCgCtnaWk02fUsol6ntix6px5Xo", "level": 2}'